First Pass Yield

A quality-flow KPI stronger than final yield when rework hides problems. Rolled throughput yield multiplies FPY across steps.

FPY % = units passing first time ÷ units entering × 100.

Tip: Keep “First-Pass Passes” and “Units Entering” on the same basis (period, units, and population) before calculating First Pass Yield.

Cluster: Manufacturing hub · Logistics hub · Professional KPIs · Percentage guide

First-pass yield (FPY) is the share of units that pass inspection the first time without rework.

Enter first-pass passes and units entering the process for the same period.

Units passing first time
Units entering the process

First Pass Yield

Understanding First Pass Yield

How we calculate. FPY % = units passing first time ÷ units entering × 100. The form uses the same arithmetic as the worked examples on this page. See our methodology and accuracy policy.

Real-world scenario: A typical First Pass Yield case uses first-pass passes 920 and units entering 1000. Enter the same figures below to reproduce the worked path.

What is First Pass Yield?

A quality-flow KPI stronger than final yield when rework hides problems. Rolled throughput yield multiplies FPY across steps.

  • No rework credit on first pass
  • Entering count = process starts
  • Pairs with scrap and quality rate

The Formula

First Pass Yield
FPY % = (First-pass passes ÷ Units entering) × 100

Worked Example

Scenario: 920 first-pass passes of 1,000 entering.
Step 1: 920 ÷ 1000 = 0.92
Step 2: × 100 = 92%
Answer: First-pass yield is 92%.

Common Use Cases

  • Lean quality: right-first-time
  • Cell design: rework loops
  • Supplier scorecards: incoming FPY

Pro Tips

  • Don’t count rework as first pass
  • Map each process step
  • Watch inspection gate changes

Limitations: First Pass Yield results are educational manufacturing and lean/TPM planning aids—not process-safety, quality-system, or financial advice. Confirm definitions with your MES/SCADA and quality policies.

FAQ

FPY vs final yield?

Final yield can include reworked units that eventually pass. FPY only counts first-time success.

What if units entering is 0?

FPY is undefined—enter a positive entering count.

Authoritative References

For OEE and manufacturing KPI definitions, consult:

  • OEE.com — OEE definitions and examples
  • NIST MEP — manufacturing extension resources
  • ISO 22400 — manufacturing operations management KPIs (context)